The group's goals include uniting Muslims to fight the United States and its allies, overthrowing regimes it deems "non-Islamic" and expelling Westerners and non-Muslims from Muslim countries. Al Qaida activities include, but are not limited to, suicide attacks, simultaneous bombings, kidnappings, and hijackings. Al Qaida has forged ties and strategic control over other like-minded Islamist terrorist groups and provides encouragement and inspiration to other affiliated and aligned groups around the world.
The Al Qaida network has been directly or indirectly associated with the bombings of two United States embassies, as well as the bombing of the USS Cole. It was directly involved in the World Trade Center and Pentagon attacks of September 11, and in a foiled plot to bomb the New York subway system in In April Al Qaida organized a suicide bombing inside a metro train in St. Petersburg, Russia, killing at least 10 civilians, and injuring 40 more.
Al Qaida continues to publically encourage its followers to carry out attacks against its perceived enemies. Its primary objectives are to cleanse the Arabian Peninsula of foreign influence — particularly Western military personnel and civilian contractors — and to establish a single Islamic caliphate in place of the existing regimes in Yemen and Saudi Arabia.
AQAP's most prominent attacks have been suicide bombings; however, the group has also engaged in guerilla-style raids on military and security targets. It is also responsible for the failed December 25, , attempt to detonate an explosive abroad a Northwest Airlines flight as the plane prepared to land in Detroit, and the attack on the office of the magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris, France.
Since the announcement of its creation, AQIS has claimed responsibility for the September 6, attempt to hijack Pakistan Naval Ship Zulfiqar; the October 31, attacks on two publishers in Dhaka, Bangladesh; and several assassinations. In October , there were reports that six AQIS militants had arrived in Karachi from Afghanistan with plans to reactivate their sleeper cell to carry out terrorist attacks.
AQIS continues to call for violence against India. In , a splinter of the GIA declared its independence from the original group, believing the GIA's brutal tactics were hurting the Islamist cause. AQIM is the most effective and largest extremist armed group inside Algeria. The group has maintained a high operational tempo since its emergence under the name of AQIM, employing conventional terrorist tactics including guerilla-style ambushes and the use of improvised explosive devices against military personnel and truck bombs against government targets, in Algeria and West African countries.
AQIM continues to kidnap Westerners and hold them for ransom in return for the release of imprisoned Islamic militants. On March 2, , a coordinated attack by JNIM on the army headquarters and the French Embassy in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso's capital, killed at least 8 people and wounding more than 80 others. Description Al Shabaab is an organized but shifting Islamist group dedicated to establishing a Somali caliphate, waging war against the enemies of Islam, and removing all foreign forces and Western influence from Somalia.
It is currently the strongest, best organized, financed and armed military group in Somalia, controlling the largest stretch of territory in southern Somalia. Al Shabaab has carried out suicide bombings and attacks using land mines and remote-controlled roadside bombs, as well as targeted assassinations against Ethiopian and Somali security forces, other government officials, journalists, and civil society leaders.
It has also carried out suicide bombings in Uganda in retaliation for the presence of Ugandan peacekeeping forces in Somalia. In October , Al Shabaab detonated two vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices in Mogadishu, killing people and injuring others. More recently, on December 28, , Al Shabaab claimed responsibility for a bombing at a busy intersection on the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia, killing at least 78 people and injuring at least 51 people. The group is believed to be closely linked with Al Qaida and formally pledged allegiance to Usama bin Laden and his terrorist network.
Description The Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigade AAMB emerged at the outset of the Palestinian al-Aqsa intifada and consists of loose cells of Palestinian militants loyal to, but not under the direct control of, the secular-nationalist Fatah party.
The AAMB has conducted armed, suicide and rocket attacks to achieve its objectives. By the late s, the organization began to advocate change by force. Its primary goal was to overthrow the Egyptian government and replace it with an Islamic state governed by Sharia Law. Past AGAI attacks primarily targeted the police, government officials, informants, government sympathizers, foreign tourists, and Coptic Christians. Description One of the most prominent anti-Coalition groups in Iraq, Ansar al-Islam AI is the product of a merger between various Kurdish militant Islamist factions.
It maintains links to Al Qaida and elements of the group have also pledged allegiance to the Islamic State. AI's current goals are to expel all foreign forces from Iraq, counter the growing influence of Iraq's Shia and secular Kurdish communities, and to establish an independent Iraqi state governed by Sharia Law.
In , AI was responsible for a coordinated double suicide bombing on the respective headquarters of two Kurdish political parties that killed more than 60 people and wounded over others. AI is also well-known for kidnapping and executing foreign hostages, often beheading their victims and posting video of the act on the Internet. On February 20, , AI released a video on a Telegram channel displaying its Syria-based weapons development.
Its main objectives are to implement Sharia law across Mali and to expel foreign influence from the country. Although largely focused on Mali, Ansar Dine has worked in coordination with JNIM, and has expressed support for a global jihadist ideology.
It has also targeted civilians, including Westerners, for kidnapping. The GIA's primary objective is to overthrow the Algerian government and replace it with an Islamic state.
The group employs a variety of methods and tactics in its attacks, including bombings, shootings, hijackings and kidnappings. In August , a gas canister bomb containing nails and bolts was planted in a trash can and detonated near the Arc de Triomphe in Paris.
The GIA is known to have targeted intellectuals, journalists, and foreigners, both within and outside Algeria. The GIA has been dormant since approximately Description Founded in the United Kingdom between and , the Aryan Strikeforce ASF is a neo-Nazi group which aims to carry out violent activities to overthrow governments, start a race war, and eradicate ethnic minorities.
The ASF describes itself as a white nationalist organization with the goal to protect the honour of their women, children, and the future of their race and nation, using violence as a necessary tool to achieve its goals. Members of the group have been convicted of crimes in the United Kingdom and the United States involving the production of chemical weapons, preparing and possessing material useful to commit acts of terrorism, facilitating the transfer of bomb-making instructions, and attempting to secure illegal firearms.
Of particular note, the ASF had planned a suicide bombing attack on counter-protestors during a November white supremacist rally in Pennsylvania. Its main objective is to promote the establishment of an Islamic state in Lebanon and it is opposed to Christian, secular, and Shia institutions in the country. Past targets have included the Lebanese state, as well as elements within the country AAA considers un-Islamic. For example, two AAA members attacked a Sidon court in and killed four people.
The group has twice been involved in plots to assassinate the US Ambassador to Lebanon. The group calls for acts of violence against racial, religious, and ethnic groups, and informants, police, and bureaucrats, to prompt the collapse of society. AWD has previously held training camps, also known as hate camps, where its members receive weapons and hand-to-hand combat training.
AWD members have also carried out violent acts at public rallies, including the August rally in Charlottesville, Virginia. In July , the co-leader of AWD, an American citizen, was banned from Canada by the Immigration and Refugee Board after it was determined that he was a member of an organization that has or will engage in terrorist activities.
Comprehensive Research Institute, A. Sogo Kenkyusho and Aleph. Description Formed in Japan in , Aum Shinrikyo Aum is a religious organization with a belief system that mixes various religions — primarily Buddhism — with science fiction and the prophecies of Nostradamus. Aum aimed to control Japan, then the world, and subsequently create a global utopian society.
Originally peaceful in nature, the group became increasingly dangerous and violent, seeking to actively bring about Armageddon. In Aum committed its first sarin attack against Japanese civilians by releasing the nerve agent in Matsumoto, killing seven people and wounding more than a hundred others.
In its most infamous attack, Aum released sarin in the Tokyo subway system in , killing a dozen people and wounding thousands more. As of , Aum continues to maintain facilities in Japan and Russia. Through their armed branch, Combat 18 C18 , the group has carried out violent actions, including murders and bombings. BKI activities include armed attacks, assassinations, and bombings.
Description Boko Haram BH is a Salafist jihadist group operating in northern Nigeria whose ultimate objective is to overthrow the Nigerian government and implement Sharia Law. The group desires a political system in Nigeria modeled after how the Taliban ruled in Afghanistan. Its tactics include small arms attacks, the use of improvised explosive devices, suicide bombings, and kidnappings. BH conducted a suicide bomb attack against the United Nations compound in Abuja, Nigeria in August , killing 23 people.
A few days later, in Nigeria, the group kidnapped schoolgirls. During the first nine months of , BH was responsible for nearly deaths in Nigeria, and approximately deaths in In many of its attacks BH used children, particularly young girls, as suicide bombers.
Its goal is to overthrow the secular governments in the North Caucasus republics and establish an Islamic emirate governed under the Salafist interpretation of Sharia Law.
The Caucasus Emirate has carried out terrorist activities in Russia and the North Caucasus republics that range from ambushes with small arms, targeted assassinations using snipers, improvised explosive devices, and suicide bombings. It strictly profiles behavior that may be linked to terrorism. Home What is Terrorism? How You Can Help Austin citizens can play a role in preventing terrorist attacks. Examples of suspicious activity include: Surveillance—Are you aware of anyone recording or monitoring activities, taking notes, using cameras, maps, binoculars, etc.
Suspicious Questioning—Are you aware of anyone attempting to gain information in person, by phone, mail, e-mail, etc. Tests of Security—Are you aware of any attempts to penetrate or test physical security or procedures at a key facility? From the statement of Chairman Mark Meadows, "Today's hearing will examine ways in which we can give our law enforcement agencies and communities the tools that they need to prevent this lone wolf radicalization before it starts.
This threat from the foreign fighters cannot be overstated. Mayer, David Inserra, and Richard Cohen. From the opening statement Michael T.
McCaul: "Our Nation is grappling with a new wave of terror from the suburbs of Massachusetts to the streets of South Carolina. We have apprehended a string of assailants who, while living among us, plotted to cause mass harm in the name of their hateful ideology. Just days ago, U. The suspect planned to execute students and broadcast it live on the internet.
Last month our Nation reacted with horror as another extremist launched an attack on Black worshippers at a Charleston church. Whether inspired by Islamic terror or white supremacy these assailants share one trait in common: They want to attack the innocent, intimidate our population, and coerce us in order to achieve their ideological and insidious goals. Both international and domestic terrorism and extremist groups are seeking to radicalize our citizens, and they have begun to master social media as a recruitment tool, placing people on a path of violence at an alarming speed.
But we cannot bow down in the face of terror, and we must refuse to live at the mercy of fanatics. That is why we are here today: To confront the dangers we face, identify gaps in our defenses, and counter the viral spread of violent extremism.
Richard Cohen. As of June , the U. Government has charged individuals with offenses related to the Islamic State over the last three years. Radical Islamic extremism is the primary driver of this problem and deserves the government's immediate attention. Three cities were used to conduct pilot programs: Los Angeles, Boston, and Minneapolis.
Minneapolis is a particularly troublesome area, as it is a major center of Islamic terrorist activity. The region is home to the largest concentration of Somali refugees and has been the epicenter for domestic radicalization. According to DHS, this policy is currently under review, and DHS has declined to share any details about this process, including when this review is supposed to be complete and which organizations are participating.
For Congress' immediate purposes, we must determine what is driving DHS's agenda: the assumptions of the Obama era about countering this threat or the President's pledge to put political correctness aside and defeat the Islamic State at home and abroad. These incidents cause many to wonder whether these are isolated attacks, an increasing trend, part of increasing societal violence, or attributable to some other condition.
To date, however, there has been limited systematic documentation and analysis of incidents of American domestic violence. This study provides a conceptual foundation for understanding different far-right groups and then presents the empirical analysis of violent incidents to identify those perpetrating attacks and their associated trends.
Combating Terrorism Center U. This thesis applies the theory of collective behavior and examines--in the context of the current health care reform debate--existing conditions and dynamics and their influence on the domestic far right. Although several determinants of collective behavior i. To counter right-wing extremism, the U.
Instead, the government should direct its efforts to reduce the social structures that create an environment in which right-wing extremism can emerge and flourish and to encourage and ensure the effective operation of social controls. Endeavors along these lines are similar to international efforts countering radical Islamic extremism. Further studies are needed to explore how counter-radicalization approaches against Islamic extremists can be tailored to comply with domestic law and be applied to domestic right-wing extremists.
Naval Postgraduate School U. Response Forces. From the thesis abstract: "After the September 11 attacks, it was expected that terrorists would continue their innovations in tactics to eventually use high-tech weapons of mass destruction WMD. Such a WMD attack has not occurred. During the past decade, however, law enforcement and military authorities in the United States and in other countries have faced a number of terrorist attacks carried out using more conventional paramilitary methods with devastating results.
This thesis examines the paramilitary terrorist attacks that occurred in Beslan in and in Mumbai in in an attempt to understand the threat and to establish the criteria for an effective U. It is important to understand that a drastic difference exists between requirements for response to paramilitary terrorism and the more common active shooter protocols.
This thesis examines the capabilities and limitations of law enforcement, the National Guard, and the active component AC of the military to recommend a response that could be uniformly achieved across the United States. It was determined that the AC of the military is the only capable response force.
Momentum is building in Congress for legislation to deal with domestic terrorism. Here are five purely pragmatic reasons to be wary of addressing domestic terrorism with a new law. Featured Domestic terrorism involves violence against the civilian population or infrastructure of a nation—often but not always by citizens of that nation and often with the intent to intimidate, coerce, or influence national policy.
Amarasingam, Amarnath Baker, John C. Dascalu, Diana Davis, Lois M. Edwards, Kathryn A. Gerwehr, Scott Godges, John P. Goldsmith, Benjamin W. Hunt, Priscillia Jackson, Brian A. Kipperman, Fred P. Liepman, Andrew Ligor, Douglas C. Miller, Laura L. Palimaru, Alina I. Parachini, John V. Ramchand, Rajeev Reimer, Jordan R. Reville, Robert T. Rhoades, Ashley L. Riley, K. Jack Ringel, Jeanne S. Rosenau, William Schwartz, Lowell H.
Serena, Chad C. Stebbins, David Strom, Kevin J. Treverton, Gregory F.
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